Estudios Filológicos

Éticas y estéticas de la profanación: el entre siglos más allá del modernismo (Perú-Venezuela, 1880-1914)

Claudia Darrigrandi — 2024-12-18

Éticas y estéticas de la profanación: el entre siglos más allá del modernismo (Perú-Venezuela, 1880-1914) es una propuesta original para pensar en un periodo de la literatura latinoamericana que, como lo indica su título, ha sido especialmente estudiado a partir de la estética del modernismo o, en su defecto, en el marco de lo que se ha entendido como fin de siglo. El libro de Ainaí Morales-Pino se distingue por tres razones: se desmarca (pero no ignora) de categorías estudiadas con profusión, como son el modernismo y el fin de siglo y visibiliza otros proyectos estético-literarios; aborda un corpus de novelas peruanas y venezolanas que, en general, se ha mantenido al margen de los estudios del campo; y se articula desde un enfoque relacional, comparado y con perspectiva de género que le permite elaborar reflexiones de alcance regional...

La Celestina y el cine: censura y recepción (1969-1996)

Noelia Núñez-Preza — 2024-12-18

La Celestina y el cine: censura y recepción (1969-1996), de José Antonio Villalobos Graillet, es una obra bien estructurada que da a conocer de forma abarcadora los avatares que ha tenido la obra de Fernando de Rojas en el cine español, pero también en la televisión. El presente estudio muestra no solo el proceso de recreación de las diferentes producciones o las presiones que debieron afrontar los directores durante el tardofranquismo, la Transición o la era democrática, sino también como se puntualiza en la introducción, el autor plantea el hecho de que el siglo XX es el periodo en el que el texto celestinesco “viviría un segundo apogeo en toda su historia o, en todo caso, su modernidad” (9). También se explica el por qué la Tragicomedia de Calixto y Melibea se llevó a la pantalla grande española después de los años sesenta del pasado siglo, así como las cuestiones por las que las que los filmes que han partido de esta obra no han tenido buena acogida por parte de la crítica...

The punk poetry of Giovanni Oquendo. Dialectic of the intimate and the public against exoticism and the simplification of violence

Josef Amón-Mitrani — 2024-12-18

This article analyzes key elements in the work of the punk poet Giovanni Oquendo (Medellin, 1969). Virtually unknown in the literary field, this writer’s work moves between the intimate and the political, between the symbolic and the pamphleteering, to propose a hybrid poetics that manages to question the commonplaces through which Colombian identity has been understood and narrated in cultural products. Influenced by Anglo-Saxon punk and symbolist poetry, Oquendo’s work deals with urban violence, punk, and marginality from a complex and dynamic perspective positioned against the exoticism, tropicalization and miserabilism that have historically prevailed in Colombian cultural production.

Derechos de autor 1981/72, 69 etc. (1981) by Enrique Lihn. Curatorship, carving and manufacturing

Juan D. Cid-Hidalgo — 2024-12-18

In the following pages we reflect on Enrique Linh’s book Derechos de autor… (1981), one of the key poetic texts of the Chilean neo-avant-garde and his artistic proposal. From an inter-artistic theoretical perspective, we examine issues such as the legibility of the manuscript, its iconotextual character, the curatorship of the archives, their assembly, as well as the hatching and erasure as procedures for making visible. This task will help us understand the critical exercise of the art system as well as the literary system carried out by the Chilean poet, who permanently seeks the fall of closed disciplinary models. In the case of Derechos de autor... it seems that the act of decoding does not matter in the face of the monumentality of the plastic project that the manuscript and its manufacture signify, a relevant element because it determines a change of role in the reader, who becomes a reader/spectator.

Writing as a technology of knowledge: Néstor Sánchez and the destruction of experience

Jimena Cruz — 2024-12-18

This article aims to analyze Diario de Manhattan, by the Argentinian writer Néstor Sánchez, as a voluntary exercise to destroy the experience in two different axes: the language, which materializes in the physical rule of writing with the left hand; and the city, through the act of walking and discover New York as a vagabond. On the one side, the objective is to investigate the relation between the destruction of language and the returning to a childhood that takes shape in the act of writing with the left hand. On the other, the aim is to investigate the ways that wandering operates as a critique of the consumer society.

Poetics of objects: memory, affects and intimacy in Cuadernos de infancia by Norah Lange

Fabián Leal-Ulloa — 2024-12-18

The work Cuadernos de infancia (1937) by the Argentine writer Norah Lange is presented as an exercise in fragmented memory in search of the recovery of the childhood of oneself and others, also evidencing an indeterminate genre that brings it closer to texts such as memoirs, testimonies, novels, autobiography and even autofiction. In this work of memory focused on childhood, it is proposed that objects function as a ‘vehicle of memory’ for the recovery of the past from the present and with a view to the future, which in turn are linked to affection and intimacy. The presence of these objects also makes it possible to establish a relationship with the author’s writing project, marked by the Latin American avant-garde, ultraism and the martinfierrista group.

The autobiography as liberation: the unpublished and unknown Así es by Victorina Durán (1899-1993)

Eva Moreno-Lago — 2024-12-18

The novelty and relevance of the present study are grounded in the discovery of unpublished drafts or unedited pretexts of the first lesbian-themed autobiography in our Spanish literature, written by Victorina Durán and titled Así es (This Is How It Is). Utilizing textual genetics and gynocriticism, all the identified variants will be analyzed, including the sole publication of the text, carried out in 2018. The objective is to interpret the writer’s preferences, comprehend the text’s evolution, and reconstruct the process of its inception, that is, to trace the phases of its composition. The outcome of this philological endeavor provides detailed knowledge of both the work and the actual protago- nists who traverse its pages, protagonists the author attempted to conceal. This discovery opens new possibilities and questions in the study of lesbian literature and cultural studies related to the Silver Age of Spanish literature.

Jorge Edwards: a critique of symbolic reason

Eduardo San-José-Vázquez — 2024-12-18

This article studies the use of symbols and allegories in the works of Jorge Edwards, restricted to a few fictions of his long literary career, and especially present in his novel El Sueño de la Historia [The Dream of History]. The causes of this constant in his literature are justified, and his leading role in this fiction is explained from some theoretical observations of J. Chevalier, J. E. Cirlot and E. Nicol on symbolic language as an attempt to preserve the timelessness of meanings and reduce the creative power of reason and language. In the allegorical interpretation of this novel, the use of binary symbols (architecture/nature, light/shadow, stone-iron/wood, paper/natural elements, north/south) helps to state its proposal to preserve the possibility of a shared narrative of History, and, with it, of a democratic transition that does not call for a total abolition of the past nor a tabula rasa utopia.

The morphology of desires: a semiotic and psychoanalytic interpretation of Alan Pauls’ “The 70’s trilogy”

Yiyang Wu — 2024-12-18

This article proposes an interpretation to “Trilogy of the 70s”, composed of Historia del llanto (2007), Historia del pelo (2010), and Historia del dinero (2013) by the Argentine writer Alan Pauls, situated at the intersection of semiotics, psychoanalysis, and literature. These three everyday elements (tears, hair, and money) reveal the politics of the symbolic that facilitate the conventional process of signification. Revolving around a structural deficit, the social discourses in the 1970s feed on fantastic representations and endow everyday objects with a phantasmagorical transcendence in order to present them as objects of desire. This paper aims to explain how a gestalt structure is unraveled by author to reclaim a corporeal autonomy which is pre-discursive and impossible to pinpoint with language. Based on the lacanian real, two strategies (excess and dissociation) come into play to detach the subject from the ymbolic logic that hides its volatile and irrational essence under a neutral and infallible appearance.

The antepostion of definite article to anthroponyms in the history of Chilean Spanish

Claudio Garrido-Sepúlveda — 2024-12-18

The article addresses the anteposition of the definite article to anthroponyms in Chilean Spanish, from a historical perspective. Therefore, it analyzes the earliest Chilean records of this construction and formulates interpretations regarding its development over time, with a special focus on the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. Specifically, it examines, on the one hand, the expansion in the combination of the article with different types of proper names and according to grammatical gender, and on the other hand, the evolution of the pragmatic and social values associated with the construction. Additionally, it reflects on how the Chilean philological tradition, from Andrés Bello onwards, influences the linguistic attitudes of the construction. In conclusion, the research delves into the contrast with data from Peninsular Spanish, the loss of the anaphoric value, and the development of pragmatic and social values. Additionally, it is argued that there is no sexist bias in the construction, and its predominance with feminine names is attributed to historical normative traditions.

Construction of the putative reader in official reports on historical memories of human rights in Chile

Teresa Oteíza — 2024-12-18

This study addresses the intersubjective construction of the author’s voice in relation to the putative or ideal reader, in the introductory sections of three official Chilean documents on truth and reparation for human rights violations committed by the State in the civil-military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet (1973-1990) and in more than 500 years of conflict with indigenous peoples in Chile. The analysis considers, from a supervenient perspective towards the reports, the strata of context, semiotically stratified in genre and register. This top-down viewpoint, ‘from above’ of the texts is combined with a view ‘from around’ at the discursive semantic stratum and ‘from below’ from the lexicogrammatical realization. Specifically, given that the analysis focuses on the dialogic construction of the voices of the Commissions in relation to the putative readers of these reports, the coupling of resources is examined through their realization by resources mapped by the engagement and the graduation subsystems comprising the system of appraisal, developed within the framework of the Systemic Functional Linguistics (LSF). The results show that the construction of a putative reader by the authorial voices of the truth and reconciliation commissions in the macro-genre Introduction of the Official Report on Human Rights Violation Human Rights is carried out in an important way through micro maneuvers that present, by accumulation, patterns of evaluative prosodies of dialogic expansion and contraction, with privilege of the latter and realized in the lexicogrammatical stratum by resources of mode and modality.

«Hablaba muy rápido pero armoniosamente». On the usage of adverbialized adjectives in the mixed attributive system in contemporary Spanish

Witold Sobczak — 2024-12-18

The article revolves around the usage of adverbialized adjectives in the mixed attributive system in peninsular Spanish and American Spanish. Having discussed the terminological confusion and chosen classificatory problems related to adverbialized adjectives, it focuses on the analysis of the semantic and syntactic characteristics of the use of six adjectives in adverbial function (alto, bajo, claro, duro, lento, and rápido) in copulative, disjunctive and adversarial structures based on the data extracted from the CREA and CORPES XXI corpora. The results of the research indicate that the mixed attributive system, which is manifested in the corpora almost exclusively in copulative struc- tures with the nexus y, is documented more frequently in American Spanish, compliant with the monocategorical attributive system described by Hummel (2013).

Duration of Chilean Spanish voiceless stops in typically developed speakers and those with Parkinson’s disease

Jaime Soto-Barba — 2024-12-18

The objective of this study was to compare the absolute duration, relative duration and the index relative to the duration of the syllable (IREDUS, by its acronym in Spanish) of /p-t̪-k/ between people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and typically developed people, and contrast these acoustic indices in the first three stages of this disease. Fifteen people with PD and fifteen typically developed people participated. The 30 participants, all Chilean Spanish speakers, were paired by age, sex and educational level. Although the absolute duration was systematically longer in people with PD, there was not a statistically significant difference with the group of typically developed people. In general, the measurement of the relative duration and IREDUS of /p-t̪-k/ were similar in both groups. Lastly, there were significant differences when comparing the relative duration of /t̪/ and IREDUS of /t̪/ and /k/ in the first three stages of PD.

Analysis of the Derivative Morphology in the Español moderno and Español ABC in China

Xiaoqiang Fu — 2024-12-18

This paper presents an analysis of the derivational morphology of Spanish as presented in the textbooks Español moderno and Español ABC, which are widely used in Chinese universities. The study also offers solutions to address the identified deficiencies, including the lack of explanation regarding word formation and the absence of practical activities. Furthermore, the article puts forward specific proposals and recommendations to improve the teaching and learning of Spanish derivational morphology in the Chinese context.

Affect and Ways of Being Together. Transnational Approaches to the Affective Turn

Cecilia Macón — 2024-12-18

Las reflexiones que conforman este dossier abarcan un conjunto de discusiones concept ales y prácticas culturales que proponen nuevas experiencias de lo común desde una matriz que privilegia la dimensión de los afectos. En esta línea, la discusión que se abre aquí sugiere la dimensión plural e interdisciplinaria de estas temáticas, así como también su capacidad para delinear nuevas subjetividades y modos de “estar juntxs” en el mundo contemporáneo sin hacer a un lado las conflictividades implicadas…

Anger and/or Hope. Feminist Photography during the Argentine democratic transition

Cecilia Macón — 2024-12-18

This paper aims to analyze the work of three Argentine feminist photographers produced during the local transition to democracy, given a critical reconstruction of certain premises of the affective turn. I understand that the concept of “affective atmosphere” is beneficial in highlighting how analyzing cultural forms in affective terms is more productive if it avoids discussing isolated emotions and instead focuses on characterizing these atmospheres based on the tensions generated by allegedly contradictory emotions. I argue that the specific temporality of transition frames this central tension expressed in terms of the unique link between hope and anger, two emotions frequently scrutinized in isolation, that play a central role in the affective dimension of the public. This analysis is part of a more general project aimed at pointing out that the specificity of feminisms in the region must be analyzed considering the lasting marks that state terrorism has left in their strategies of intervention. In the case scrutinized in these pages, the overlap between anger and hope accounts for a particular approach to the traces of terror.

Another feminist reading of contractualism. On the education of passions for freedom and equality

Daniela Losiggio — 2024-12-18

Following the guidelines drawn by the first feminist thinkers, the hypothesis of this article maintains that contractualism allows us to think about an intersubjective source of the most powerful expression of reason. This source is education. Without it, reason cannot unfold, develop, it is incompleted; and its vacancy breaks freedom and equality in the civil order.

Although counter-intuitive, this hypothesis finds support in recent feminist political theory and allows us to rethink the relevance of early feminist thought.

What’s Love Got to Do with It? Feminist affect as epistemic resources

Mariela Solana — 2024-12-18

In this paper, I examine the work of three key authors of feminist epistemology (Hilary Rose, Alison Jaggar and Evelyn Fox Keller) that look into the relationship between love, power and scientific knowledge. Based on this analysis, I put forward three theses: 1) that emotions are a devalued but nevertheless omnipresent dimension in the founding discourses of modern science; 2) that there is an affective repertoire linked to love, care and intimacy that can be valued as an epistemic resource; 3) that it is convenient to read this epistemic love as a feminist emotion instead of a feminine one if we want to promote a radical revision of what counts as scientific practice.

Affects and Aesthetics of ‘Body-territory’

Cynthia Francica — 2024-12-18

The works of Chilean artists Rocío López Montaner, Denisse Viera and Fernanda López Quilodrán performatively explore the body/territory relation, focusing on ‘sacrifice zones,’ areas with a massive concentration of polluting industries. These works propose alternative ways of thinking about bodies and, therefore, of their affective dimension. Expanding the limits of what a body can do, they problematize its anthropocentric genesis by visibilizing its entanglements with the more than human. This article focuses on the ways in which these approaches enter into dialogue with the concept of ‘body-territory,’ which emerges from indigenous community feminisms and, according to Verónica Gago, “‘deliberalizes’ the notion of the body as individual property and specifies a political, productive and epistemic continuity of the body as territory” (2019). The continuity between body and territory, in fact, becomes key in these aesthetic productions: bodies, rather than align with the liberal logic of individual property, become collective. And they are capable, in that proliferation, of encompassing the more than human. These corporealities are permeable to contamination, and they thus embody human and non-human stories and memories of toxicity, abandonment and suffering. Suffering, violated and vulnerable bodies and materialities that resonate with emotions linked to sacrifice, surrender, mourning, care and reparation, and also desire and sensuality. These affects are rethought and reconfigured in the process of mediating our relationship with the most than human.

Her Socialist Smile. Affective Repertoires of Helen Keller

Irene Depetris-Chauvin — 2024-12-18

This essay explores affective repertoires around Helen Keller, famous deafblind activist and socialist militant. Departing from the popular image in American culture that portrays her as a miracle or a selfless champion for the “cause of disability rights,” I consider the way in which suffering and opti- mism function as emotional foundations for the “American dream.” Then I focus on the few acts of resistance of a woman who knew that her body was traversed by “public feelings.” Finally, I analyze Her Socialist Smile (2020), a documentary by John Gianvito that conceptually, affectively and sensorially mobilizes Keller’s political ideas where anger, sorrow, and joy are socialist. In a novel way, the haptic visuality of this film establishes a connection between sensation and thought, individual and collective body, to tentatively explore into the deaf-blind sensorium as the possibility of a political affect.

Melancholy as Revolutionary Affectivity. Approaches to the Symbolic Force of the Commune

Natalia Taccetta — 2024-12-18

This article explores the symbolic and critical power that the event of the Paris Commune of 1871 possesses based on the relationship between melancholy and defeat, central marks of the affectivity that originates in the event and that subsequent history inherits. We propose to examine the emotional force of the revolution following ideas by Enzo Traverso and Georges Didi-Huberman in recent texts. To explore these links, we recover some of Walter Benjamin’s reflections that appear in the Passagenwerk, some ideas of Louise Michel, activist, poet and teacher, to finish with the reference to La Commune (Paris 1871), filmed by Peter Watkins between 1999 and 2000; 345-minute experimental film that sheds infinite reflections of revolutionary affectivity.

Damiana (Over)Exposed: Desires and Demands of an Uncomfortable Photograph

Jordana Blejmar — 2024-12-18

This paper analyses the photographic representation of the indigenous body in social networks, plays and mainly in the film Damiana Kryggi (Fernández Mouján 2012). The film tells the story of Damiana, a 14-year-old girl from the Paraguayan ethnic group Aché, abducted when she was two years old by the murderers of her family. Damiana was forced to work as a maid in the family house of a renowned Argentine scholar, who in turn gave her away to German anthropologist Robert Leh- mann-Nietsche (1872-1938), then director of the Anthropological Museum of La Plata, in the Prov- ince of Buenos Aires. To prove his theories about the inferiority of some races, Lehmann-Nietsche took a photograph of Damiana, naked, two months before she died of tuberculosis. The photograph, not least following circulation via social media, has become the focal point of heated debate about the risks of re-victimising Damiana in the digital age. W. J. T. Mitchell famously asked: ‘what do images want?’ Images are like living organisms. They have desires, appetites, needs, demands. Dami- ana’s photograph haunts us, enrages us, moves us. But what does it want from us? What is missing from this image? What is its blind spot? To answer these questions we need to understand both how the image has been variously displayed over time in film, social media, anthropological reports and signs, and also what narratives, discourses and agendas those montages conceal.