Risk of exposure to Fasciola hepática in cattle under extensive management from Uruguay and Portugal determined by ELISA using a recombinant antigen

Abstract

The risk of exposure to Fasciola hepatica in cattle maintained under extensive conditions from two different climatic areas was evaluated. Bovine serum samples collected in Uruguay (humid subtropical climate; 1,192 samples) and Portugal (mediterranean climate; 473 samples) were tested against a F. hepatica recombinant surface antigen (FhrAPS) by means of an ELISA. Data obtained was analyzed according to the bovine breed, age and aptitude. An overall percentage of 56% (95% CI, 53-59) cattle were positive to the FhrAPS-ELISA in Uruguay, with significantly highest percentages in 2-4 year Holstein dairy cows. In Portugal, the percentage of sensitization was 47% (95% CI, 43-52) with the highest values recorded among Crossbreeds and beef bovines between 2-4 years of age. By means of the FhrAPS-ELISA, it was concluded the risk of exposure to F. hepatica among extensively reared cattle is higher in areas under humid subtropical climate than in those with Mediterranean climate. Calves are at higher risk of being exposed to the liver trematode independent of the climate conditions which emphasises the need for preventive measures against infective stages found in the environment and combne them with successful deworming programs.