Acute erythroid leukemia with probable splenic involvement initially interpreted as large-cell lymphoma in a feline leukemia virus-negative Persian cat

Main Article Content

Sung-Hyun Han
Dong-Jin Chae
Kun-Ho Song

Abstract

A FeLV-negative Persian cat with severe non-regenerative anemia had a splenic round-cell neoplasm initially interpreted as large-cell lymphoma. CD3/PAX5 immunohistochemistry did not support conventional lymphoma, and bone marrow findings favored acute erythroid leukemia (AML-M6) with probable splenic involvement. The cat died 53 days after presentation, despite receiving cytarabine treatment.

Article Details

How to Cite
Han, S.-H., Chae, D.-J., & Song, K.-H. (2026). Acute erythroid leukemia with probable splenic involvement initially interpreted as large-cell lymphoma in a feline leukemia virus-negative Persian cat. Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 58, e5816. https://doi.org/10.4206/ajvs.58.16
Section
CASE REPORT

References

Canto-Valdés, M. C., Bolio González, M. E., Acevedo-Jiménez, G. E., & Ramírez Álvarez, H. (2023). What role do endogenous retroviruses play in domestic cats infected with feline leukaemia virus? New Zealand Veterinary Journal, 71(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2022.2131648

Chimenes, N. D., Caramalac, S. M., Castilho, M. O., Gazzone, A. C., Pupin, R. C., Palumbo, M. I. P., & Babo-Terra, V. J. (2022). Acute erythroid leukemia in a cat infected with feline leukemia virus. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 50(Suppl. 1), 832. https://doi.org/10.22456/1679-9216.120852

Jain, N. C. (1993). Classification of myeloproliferative disorders in cats using criteria proposed by the Animal Leukaemia Study Group: A retrospective study of 181 cases (1969–1992). Comparative Haematology International, 3, 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00186096

Lim, G.-H., Kim, S.-H., Ryu, M.-O., An, J.-H., Go, D.-M., Yang, Y., Kim, D.-Y., Kim, Y., Youn, H.-Y., & Seo, K.-W. (2025). A rare case of acute erythroid leukemia (AML M6-Er) with pleural metastasis and malignant pleural effusion in a cat. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 87(6), 634–639. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.24-0340

Mashita, T., Shimoda, T., Yoshioka, H., Takahashi, Y., & Mitsuda, M. (2006). A cat with acute myeloblastic leukemia without maturation (M1) treated with combination chemotherapy. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 68(1), 97–101. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.68.97

Mello, L. S. de, Ribeiro, P. R., Almeida, B. A. de, Bandinelli, M. B., Sonne, L., Driemeier, D., & Pavarini, S. P. (2023). Diseases associated with feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infection: A retrospective study of 1470 necropsied cats (2010–2020). Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 95, 101963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101963

Park, D. S., Lee, J., Song, K.-H., & Seo, K. W. (2022). Treatment of acute erythroleukaemia with high-dose cytarabine in a cat with feline leukaemia virus infection. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 8(1), 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.646

Prihirunkit, K., Narkkong, N.-A., & Apibal, S. (2008). Acute monoblastic leukemia in a FeLV-positive cat. Journal of Veterinary Science, 9(1), 109–111. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2008.9.1.109

Silva, T. P. da, Zanfagnini, L. G., Oliveira, A. C. de, Ribeiro, D. C., Oliveira, L. G. de, Silva, P. R. R., Messias, C. T., & Pacheco, A. D. (2022). Myelodysplastic syndrome progression to acute myeloid leukemia in a cat FeLV seroreactive. Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, 50(Suppl. 1), 795. https://www.ufrgs.br/actavet/50-suple-1/CR_795.pdf

Suzuki, S., Ogino, N., Mitsui, I., Ito, H., & Kariya, T. (2021). Anti-CD71 antibody immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia, subtype acute erythroid leukemia with erythroid dominance (AML M6-Er), in a retrovirus-negative cat. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 33(1), 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638720973403

Tagawa, M., Shimbo, G., Watanabe, K.-I., Horiuchi, N., Kobayashi, Y., Maezawa, M., Matsumoto, K., & Miyahara, K. (2020). Acute monoblastic leukemia in a feline leukemia virus-negative cat. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 82(7), 1000–1005. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.20-0157

Tochetto, C., Souza, T. M., Barros, C. S. L., & Fighera, R. A. (2011). Epidemiological, clinical, hematological, and pathological aspects of acute erythroid leukemia (AML M6) in cats. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 31(7), 610–619. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2011000700011

Turinelli, V., & Gavazza, A. (2018). Retrospective study of 152 feline cytological bone marrow examinations: Preliminary classification and ranges. Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 20(12), 1158–1168. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098612X18757602