El plan maestro en el campo científico-discursivo de la planificación urbana. Una revisión desde Scopus
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Resumen
Nos propusimos develar parte del universo científico-discursivo que, desde el campo de la planificación urbana, órbita alrededor del concepto de “plan maestro”, preguntándonos ¿cuáles son las formas sustanciales de encuadrar estos instrumentos? Nuestra hipótesis plantea que, en la discusión académica, los enmarques que posicionan a los planes maestros como herramientas de participación social y sostenibilidad ambiental –condicionado a mayor regulación– no serían los únicos ni los más relevantes. Para discutir esto, utilizamos la base de datos Scopus, seleccionando artículos cuyos títulos y palabras claves contuviesen el concepto “plan maestro” en inglés (master plan). Con la ayuda del software VOSviewer, sometimos dicho campo a un análisis bibliométrico y de conglomerado, para finalmente complementar con uno de contenidos. Los resultados dieron credibilidad a la hipótesis, develando dos principales tensiones no resueltas. La primera de ellas está entre quienes los enmarcan como instrumentos aportantes a la sostenibilidad ambiental y la participación social y quienes no; y la segunda, entre una posición minoritaria que encuadra dichos fines a mayor regulación y una mayoritaria que duda de dicha relación.
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