OPTIMIZACIÓN DEL MÉTODO DE MEDICIÓN DE NIVEL DE RUIDO EN VÍAS URBANAS CON TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO DE PASAJEROS

Abstract

One of the environmental acoustic problems of more importance at world level in the last times, is the noise of smooth traffic. The urban progress of the big cities rebounds in concentrations of so much flow of the public transportation like private.
In the city of Santiago from Chile big concentrations of the collective transport are presented, identifying this way, polluted sectors that others. To identify and to evaluate the acoustic state of a city, is important to develop control measures and evaluation of the traffic noise, for this it is necessary the development of a methodology that can be evaluated in the time, obtaining in this way, a tool of control of levels noise.
From existing measurement methodology [Fuentes 2002], the need of optimizing time of sampling for the determination of tracts and measurement points was detected. This was carried out in an experimental scenario corresponding to the Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins Avenue. Here the behavior of the public transportation of passengers was studied through spatial and time analysis. Since this analysis measurement tracts, schedules and time of sampling was defined. According to the originated data, a total number of 72 samples was obtained, 48 of which was considered after a depuration process because they provided a significant correlation coefficient. Thus, it was demonstrated that for a flow larger than 631 buses/hour, day levels in the road are above 80 dBA.
With data obtained in this survey, it was possible to calculate the mean day noise level, for which a confidence interval that allows decrease uncertainty level was defined.