THEORETICAL APPROACHES FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS: COMPLEXITY AND TOURISM

Abstract

This article discusses different approaches in terms of complexity, complex thinking and complex systems in order to provide elements that contribute to the construction of an alternative paradigm to explain the relationship of tourism with its environment, from the sustainability perspective. For this, we conducted a literature review aimed at identifying the main contributions of some of the most important exponents of these positions. We conclude that tourism is part of a complex system as an integrator of the sub-nature and society, while conducive to sustainability, provided the principles: dialogic, recursive and hologramatic. Principles relating to complementarity, both theoretical and practical, the fact that every phenomenon is the result of an action and in turn generates other effects, and it is part of everything and everything is in its parts.