¿Hikikomori como línea de fuga de la escuela del rendimiento? Un estudio de caso en Barcelona
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3412-2754
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Antecedentes: Este estudio analiza la relación entre el abandono escolar y el comportamiento hikikomori en Barcelona, explorando la influencia de contextos educativos neoliberales en el retraimiento social.
Método: Se realizó un estudio de caso con entrevistas a dos hermanos con comportamiento hikikomori, su madre, una trabajadora social y un profesor. Además, se examinó el proyecto educativo de la escuela.
Resultados: El abandono escolar contribuyó al aislamiento social. Los estudiantes señalaron presión, competencia y rigidez en la escuela, reflejando paradigmas neoliberales. Aunque internalizaron esta mentalidad competitiva, mostraron desilusión con el sistema educativo y pesimismo sobre su futuro. Las respuestas institucionales tendieron a medicalizar el problema.
Conclusiones: El hikikomori es un síntoma de malestar social vinculado al capitalismo tardío y una forma de resistencia pasiva. Se necesita un enfoque multidimensional que considere factores individuales, familiares y socioeconómicos, promoviendo prácticas educativas menos competitivas y más inclusivas.
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